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From HDMI version 1.4, the Audio Return Channel (ARC) was introduced, which makes it possible to transmit an audio signal in the opposite direction to the picture signal. A common use is to send the TV's sound signal to the connected device via a HDMI input socket on a TV, e. g. to output the sound via external speakers.
With the HDMI Verson 2.1, eARC (enhanced Audio Return Channel) was introduced and supports audio formats such as object-based audio and enables control options for the audio signal, including automatic recognition of the device.